The Mythology Of Modern Dating
Does Radiometric dating agree with the Geological
Column?
By Paul Nethercott
June 2014
How reliable is
radiometric dating? We are repeatedly told that it proves the Earth to be
billions of years old. If radiometric dating is reliable than it should not
contradict the evolutionary model. According to the Big Bang theory the age of
the Universe is 10 to 15 billion years.1
Standard evolutionist publications give the age of the universe as 13.75
Billion years. 2, 3
Standard
evolutionist geology views the Earth as being 4.5 billion years old. Here are
some quotes from popular text: “The age of the Earth is 4.54 ± 0.05 billion years.” 4 “The Solar
System, formed between 4.53 and 4.58 billion years ago.” 1 “The age of 4.54 billion years
found for the Solar System and Earth.” 1 “A valid age for the Earth of 4.55 billion years.” 5, 6
If we run the
isotopic ratios give in standard geology magazines through the computer program
Isoplot 7 we find that
the Uranium/Thorium/Lead isotopic ratios in the rocks disagree radically other
dating methods. The U/Th/Pb ratios give ages older than the evolutionist age of
the Earth, Solar System, Galaxy and Universe. How can Earth rocks be dated as
being older than the Big Bang? Here are examples of isotopic ratios taken from
several articles in major geology magazines which give absolutely absurd dates.
U–Th–Pb Dating of Hydrothermal ore Deposits
These rocks from
Hubei Province in China were dated in 2008
by scientist from the University of Hong Kong,
using the 206Pb/238U and 208Pb/232Th age dating methods. 8 According
to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 100 million years
and 140 million years old: “Both the quartz diorite
intrusion and ore bodies, yield weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 136.0±1.5 Ma
and 120.6±2.3 Ma (2σ), respectively, in agreement within analytical
uncertainty to their 208Pb/232Th ages. In situ analysis of epidote-enclosed
hydrothermal titanite in thin sections of a skarn ore sample yields a mean
206Pb/238U age of 135.9±1.3 Ma and 208Pb/232Th age of 138.2±4.5 Ma, whereas
titanite in calcite from a calcite-dominated vein cross-cutting the skarn ore
body has consistent 206Pb/238U and 208Pb/232Th ages of ca. 121 Ma.” 8
The article contains two tables 9 with Uranium/Thorium/Lead ratios
that have no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and
use the computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated
isotopic ratios. There is a 12,616 million year range between the youngest and
oldest dates.
|
Table 1 |
207Pb/206Pb |
207Pb/235U |
206Pb/238U |
208Pb/232Th |
|
Average |
2,492 |
165 |
131 |
961 |
|
Maximum |
4,398 |
392 |
142 |
12,721 |
|
Minimum |
676 |
105 |
118 |
115 |
Isotope Evolution in the HIMU
These rocks from
St. Helena Island in the Atlantic Ocean were dated in 2014 by scientist from
The University of Tokyo, using the Pb–Sr–Nd–Hf–He isotopic data together with
40Ar/39Ar and K/Ar age dating methods. 10 According to the article
the true age of the rock formation is between 8 million years and 12 million
years old: “Although isotopic variations are small in the St. Helena lavas
(20.6–21.0 for 206Pb/204Pb) between 12 and 8 Ma, the younger lavas have more
HIMU-like isotopic compositions than the older lavas.” 10 The
article contains tables 11 with Lead 207/206 ratios that have no
dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use the
computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated isotopic
ratios. There is a 4,800 million year range between the so called true age and
oldest dates.
|
Table 2 |
Age (Ma) |
|
Average |
4,849 |
|
Maximum |
4,856 |
|
Minimum |
4,839 |
U–Th–Pb Dating
These rocks from
the Southern Alpine Domain, Italy were dated in 2013 by scientist from the University
Of Bern, Switzerland, using the 206Pb/238U and 208Pb/232Th age dating methods. 12
According to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 10
million years and 420 million years old: “SHRIMP
analyses of Tara allanite yielded a weighted mean 208Pb/232Th age of 414.9 ±
3.3 Ma (2σ; n = 26), and a mean 206Pb/238U age of 419.3 ± 7.7 Ma (2σ;
n = 23). LA-ICP-MS single-spot mean 208Pb/232Th data yielded an age of 417.5 ±
1.4 Ma.” 12 The article contains tables 13 with
Uranium/Thorium/Lead ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the
tables into Microsoft Excel and use the computer program Isoplot we can
calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. Out of the 276 dates there is a 15,347
million year range between the youngest and oldest dates. Thirty one dates
[11%] are over 10000 million years old. Ninety one dates [33%] are over 9000
million years old. Fifteen dates [5%] are impossible future ages. Two hundred
and twenty three dates [81%] are over 500 million years old. Two hundred and
thirty eight dates [86%] are too old or too young.
|
Table 3 |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/235U |
208Pb/232Th |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/235U |
208Pb/232Th |
|
Average |
3,351 |
-255 |
10,007 |
3,164 |
554 |
9,994 |
|
Maximum |
3,717 |
545 |
10,377 |
3,317 |
600 |
10,293 |
|
Minimum |
2,973 |
-4,491 |
9,688 |
3,002 |
473 |
9,626 |
|
Table 4 |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/235U |
208Pb/232Th |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/235U |
208Pb/232Th |
|
Average |
3,243 |
-22 |
9,799 |
3,148 |
543 |
9,814 |
|
Maximum |
4,188 |
683 |
10,207 |
3,271 |
564 |
10,268 |
|
Minimum |
2,854 |
-2,251 |
9,335 |
3,046 |
526 |
9,297 |
|
Table 5 |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/235U |
208Pb/232Th |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/235U |
208Pb/232Th |
|
Average |
2,555 |
97 |
9,539 |
2,596 |
405 |
9,694 |
|
Maximum |
4,910 |
492 |
9,937 |
2,699 |
430 |
9,912 |
|
Minimum |
1,647 |
-88 |
9,130 |
2,238 |
356 |
9,399 |
|
Table 6 |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/235U |
208Pb/232Th |
|
Average |
3,316 |
542 |
10,410 |
|
Maximum |
3,428 |
559 |
10,856 |
|
Minimum |
3,110 |
521 |
9,999 |
|
Table 7 |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/235U |
208Pb/232Th |
|
Average |
3,071 |
213 |
9,892 |
|
Maximum |
4,910 |
683 |
10,856 |
|
Minimum |
1,647 |
-4,491 |
9,130 |
The
Unique Achondrite Ibitira
These basaltic
meteorite from Brazil were dated in 2013 by scientist from the Australian National
University, using the Uranium/Lead age dating methods. 14 According
to the article the true age of the meteorite is 4,555 million years old: “This
value results in corrections of 1.1 Ma for Pb–Pb dates calculated using the
previously assumed invariant 238U/235U value of 137.88. Using the determined
238U/235U value, the 7 most radiogenic Pb isotopic analyses for acid-leached
pyroxene-rich and whole rock fractions yield an isochron Pb–Pb age of 4556.75 ±
0.57 Ma, in excellent agreement with the results of Mn–Cr chronology which give
the ages of 4557.4 ± 2.5 Ma and 4555.9 ± 3.2 Ma using the U-corrected Pb–Pb
age” 14 The article contains a table 15 with
Uranium/Thorium/Lead ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the
tables into Microsoft Excel and use the computer program Isoplot we can
calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. There is an 8,078 million
year range between the youngest and oldest dates. Forty six dates are over 5
billion years old.
|
Table 8 |
207Pb/235U |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/206Pb |
|
Average |
4,745 |
5,380 |
4,561 |
|
Maximum |
5,639 |
8,949 |
4,672 |
|
Minimum |
2,526 |
871 |
4,387 |
Pb Isotopic
Analysis
These rocks from
Iceland were dated in 2003 by scientist from the University of Iowa, using the Lead/Lead
age dating methods. 16 The article does not give a true age of the
rock formation. The article contains five tables 17 with Lead 207/206
ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft
Excel and use the computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated
isotopic ratios. Most of them are older than the evolutionist age of the Earth.
One hundred and ninety three dates [97%] are over 4.9 billion years old. One
hundred and eleven dates [56%] are over 5 billion years old.
|
Table 9 |
207Pb/206Pb |
207Pb/206Pb |
207Pb/206Pb |
207Pb/206Pb |
207Pb/206Pb |
|
Average |
4,864 |
5,087 |
4,978 |
5,495 |
5,112 |
|
Maximum |
5,112 |
5,105 |
5,005 |
5,538 |
5,113 |
|
Minimum |
4,140 |
5,042 |
4,938 |
5,448 |
5,112 |
U–Th–Pb Systematics
of Allanite
These rocks from
the Archaean Fiskenaesset anorthosite complex,
western Greenland
were dated in 2012 by scientist from the Isotope Geosciences Laboratory,
British Geological Survey, using the Uranium/Thorium/Lead age dating methods. 18
According to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 5 million
years and 4 billion years old: “The
four shards analysed for Th isotopic composition yield apparent 208Pb/232Th
ages between 5 and 4133 Ma.” 19 There is a huge spread of date
ranges throughout the entire article. The article contains a table 20 with
Uranium/Thorium/Lead ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the
tables into Microsoft Excel and use the computer program Isoplot we can
calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. There is an 11,083 million
year range between the youngest and oldest dates. Such a huge spread of assumed
ages is meaningless.
|
Table 10 |
207Pb/206Pb |
207Pb/235U |
206Pb/238U |
208Pb/232Th |
206Pb/238U |
207Pb/206Pb |
|
Average |
1,474 |
1,298 |
1,277 |
2,023 |
1,438 |
3,346 |
|
Maximum |
2,707 |
2,744 |
2,850 |
10,619 |
3,125 |
4,901 |
|
Minimum |
-464 |
14 |
23 |
6 |
87 |
1,754 |
The
Paleo-Tethyan Mian-Lueyang
These rocks from
the Qinling Mountains, central China were dated in 2001 by scientist from the University
of California, San Diego, using the Lead, Neodymium and Strontium age dating
methods. 21 According to the article the true age of the rock
formation is between 340 million years and 350 million years old: “This
indicates that a portion of the modern Indian MORB mantle isotopic domain could
have been in existence for at least 350 Ma.” 21 The article contains
tables 0 with Uranium/Thorium/Lead ratios that have no dates beside
them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use the computer program
Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. There is a 0
million year range between the youngest and oldest dates. Thirty six dates
[100%] are over 5 billion years old. Twenty one dates [58%] are over 10 billion
years old. Sixteen dates [44%] are over 20 billion years old.
|
Table 11 |
207Pb/206Pb |
208Pb/232Th |
206Pb/238U |
|
Average |
5,092 |
64,540 |
19,526 |
|
Maximum |
5,111 |
86,040 |
27,626 |
|
Minimum |
5,066 |
32,366 |
8,551 |
The
Homestake Gold Deposit
These rocks from
Black Hills, South Dakota, USA were dated in 2008
by scientist from the University of
Copenhagen, using the Lead 207/206 age dating methods. 22
According to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 1,300
million years and 2,900 million years old. 23 “Lead stepwise leaching (PbSL) data for monazite bearing garnet
separated from a sample of Homestake Iron Formation has yielded an isochron age
of 1746±10Ma
(2; MSWD= 0.42), which represents a maximum age for both the isoclinal folding and subsequent gold
mineralization.”
22 The article contains tables 24 with
Uranium/Thorium/Lead ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the
tables into Microsoft Excel and use the computer program Isoplot we can
calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. There is a 3,342 million year
range between the youngest and oldest dates. Out of the 139 dates 129 [93%] are
over 4,000 million years old. One hundred and eight dates [78%] are older that
the evolutionist age of the Earth. Sixty seven dates [48%] are over 5 Billion
years old.
|
Table 12 |
207Pb/206Pb |
207Pb/206Pb |
|
Average |
4,877 |
4,205 |
|
Maximum |
5,185 |
5,169 |
|
Minimum |
4,013 |
1,843 |
The
Paleoproterozoic Huronian Supergroup
These rocks from
the Huronian Supergroup, Canada were dated in 1999 by scientist from the State University of New York, using the Uranium/Lead age dating methods. 25
According to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 2,100
million years and 2,200 million years old: “Lower Huronian (McKim, Pecors)
samples align along 207Pb:204Pb–206Pb:204Pb slopes equivalent to 2,170 Ma and
2,212 Ma, respectively. These ages are at the minimum age limit on
sedimentation and within uncertainty of the Nipissing Diabase (2,219 Ma).” 25
The article contains a table 26 with Lead 207/206 ratios that have
no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use the
computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated isotopic
ratios. There is complete disagreement between the so called true [Model] age
and the isotope ratio age.
|
Table 13 |
Average |
Maximum |
Minimum |
Model (Max) |
Model (Min) |
|
McKim |
4,569 |
5,012 |
3,753 |
3,000 |
2,840 |
|
Pecors |
4,700 |
4,918 |
4,452 |
2,930 |
2,930 |
|
Gowganda |
4,391 |
4,716 |
3,992 |
3,000 |
2,840 |
|
Gordon |
3,845 |
4,445 |
3,028 |
2,760 |
2,550 |
Angrite
Sahara 99555
These meteorites
found in the Sahara Desert was dated in 2008 by scientist from The Australian
National University, using the Uranium/Lead age dating
methods. 27 According to the article the true age of the meteorite
is 4,564 million years old: “The Pb–Pb age of
SAH of 4566.18 ± 0.14 Ma, reported by Baker et al., differs from the Pb–Pb age
of D’Orbigny, another basaltic angrite, of 4564.42 ± 0.12 Ma” 27
The article contains a table 28 with Uranium/Lead ratios that have
no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use the
computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated isotopic
ratios. There is a 932 million year range between the youngest and oldest
dates. Seven dates are over 5 billion years old.
|
Table 14 |
207Pb/235U |
206Pb/238U |
Pb 207/206 |
Pb 207/206 |
|
Average |
4,686 |
4,976 |
4,565 |
4,565 |
|
Maximum |
4,758 |
5,224 |
4,567 |
4,568 |
|
Minimum |
4,479 |
4,292 |
4,563 |
4,564 |
Mantle
Xenoliths from Namibia
These rocks from
Proterozoic Rehoboth Terrane, Namibia were dated in 2012 by scientist from the Goethe-University
in Frankfurt, using the Rhenium/Osmium age dating methods. 29
According to the article the true age of the rock formation is 2,100 million
years old and the recent Kimberlite intrusion is 70 million years old: “The Proterozoic (1.8 to 1.6 Ga) Rehoboth Terrane is
separated from the Archaean Kaapvaal craton to its east by the 2.1 to 1.75 Ga
Kheis–Maghondi belt and bordered to its west by the 1.35 to 1.0 Ga
Namaqua–Natal belt and was intruded by the kimberlites of the Gibeon field
around 70 Ma ago.” 30 The article contains two tables 31
with Osmium 187/188 ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the
tables into Microsoft Excel and use the standard dating formulas 31-34 we
can calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios.
(1)
In the above formula, t = billions of
years. The same date can be calculated from the Osmium 187/188 ratios. If we
use another formula 35 we can convert the Osmium 187/188 ratio to
the Osmium 187/186 ratio.
(2)
(3)
(4)
There
is a 65,451 million year range between the youngest and oldest dates.
|
Table 15 |
187Os/188Os |
187Os/188Os |
187Os/188Os |
187Os/188Os |
|
Average |
-9,458 |
2,951 |
257 |
251 |
|
Maximum |
-153 |
20,469 |
2,515 |
2,515 |
|
Minimum |
-44,982 |
-34,900 |
-8,909 |
-8,828 |
Neo-Tethyan
Ophiolite in SW Turkey
These rocks from
South West Turkey were dated in 2010 by scientist from the Karadeniz Technical
University, Turkey, using the Rhenium/Osmium age dating methods. 36
According to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 250
million years and 1,000 million years old: “The Re–Os isotope systematics of
the Muğla peridotites gives model age clusters of ~250 Ma, ~400 Ma and
~750 Ma that may record major tectonic events associated with the geodynamic
evolution of the Neo-Tethyan, Rheic, and Proto-Tethyan oceans, respectively.
Furthermore, >1000 Ma model ages can be interpreted as a result of an
ancient melting event before the Proto-Tethys evolution.” 36 The
article contains a table 37 with Osmium 187/188 ratios that have no
dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use standard
dating formulas 31-34 we can calculate dates from the undated
isotopic ratios. There is an 187,727 million year range between the youngest
and oldest dates.
|
Table 16 |
187Os/188Os |
|
Average |
-11,811 |
|
Maximum |
18,849 |
|
Minimum |
-175,916 |
Central
Asian Orogenic Belt
These rocks from
northeast China were dated in 2010 by scientist from the Chinese Academy of
Sciences, using the Rhenium/Osmium age dating methods. 38 According
to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 1,900 million
years and 2,100 million years old: “The unradiogenic 187Os/188Os ratios of the
refractory harzburgites give Re depletion ages (TRD) of 1.9–2.1 Ga.” 38
The article contains one table 39 with Osmium 187/188 ratios that
have no dates beside them and another with calculated ages. If we put the table
into Microsoft Excel and use the standard dating formulas 31-34 we
can calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. There is a 23,920 million
year range between the youngest and oldest calculated dates listed in the
article. There is a 2,836 million year range between the youngest and oldest
calculated dates I calculated.
|
Table 17 |
187Os/188Os |
TDM (Ma) |
MA (Ma) |
TDM (Ma) |
MA (Ma) |
|
Average |
370 |
938 |
855 |
2,058 |
732 |
|
Maximum |
1,732 |
2,090 |
10,620 |
5,910 |
14,650 |
|
Minimum |
-1,104 |
-330 |
-3,830 |
490 |
-9,270 |
Hebi,
North China Craton
These rocks from
Hebi, North China Craton were dated in 2012 by scientist from the Chinese
Academy of Sciences, using the Rhenium/Osmium and Rubidium/Strontium age dating
methods. 40 According to the article the true age of the rock
formation is between 1,800 million years and 3,000 million years old: “Their
bulk rock 187Os/188Os ratios give TRD ages varying from Paleoproterozoic to
Neoarchean (1.8–2.6 Ga), which is slightly younger than the previous reported
TRD ages of two sulfide grains (2.5 and 3.0 Ga) in Hebi mantle xenoliths.” 41
The article contains a table 42 with Osmium 187/188 ratios that have
no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use the standard
dating formulas 31-34 we can calculate dates from the undated
isotopic ratios. The dates I calculated agree with the article. The same table contains
a list of calculated dates and there is an 11,500 million year range between
the youngest and oldest of those dates.
|
Table 18 |
187Os/188Os |
TDM (Ga) |
MA (Ga) |
|
Average |
1,882 |
2,213 |
3,000 |
|
Maximum |
2,372 |
2,600 |
8,400 |
|
Minimum |
1,356 |
1,800 |
-3,100 |
Re–Os
Isotopic Results
These rocks from
South China were dated in 2011 by scientist from the Chinese Academy of
Sciences, using the Rhenium/Osmium age dating methods. 43 According
to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 1,800 million
years and 2,200 million years old: “A correlation between 187Os/188Os and Al2O3
exists among the Ningyuan mantle xenoliths, which if interpreted as an isochron
analog yields a model age of ~2.2 Ga. This age is older than the Re depletion
age (TRD) of the harzburgite (~1.8 Ga), which represents a minimum age of melt
depletion.” 43 The article contains a table 44 with Osmium
187/188 ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the tables into
Microsoft Excel and use the standard dating formulas 31-34 we can
calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. There is a 2,042 million year
range between the youngest and oldest dates. The dates do not even overlap the
assumed model age. The same table contains a list of calculated dates and there
is a 10,640 million year range between the youngest and oldest of those dates.
|
Table 19 |
Million Years |
MA (Ga) |
TRD (Ga) |
|
Average |
89 |
3,002 |
827 |
|
Maximum |
1,367 |
10,430 |
1,820 |
|
Minimum |
-675 |
-210 |
250 |
Lithospheric
Mantle Evolution
These rocks from
the Atherton Volcanic Province in north Queensland were dated in 2010 by
scientist from the Macquarie University, using the Rhenium/Osmium age dating
methods. 45 According to the article the true age of the rock
formation is between 350 million years and 2,200 million years old: “Collision
and accretion processes have probably initiated a melt-extraction event
followed by cratonic lithosphere stabilisation at ~2.2 Ga (TMA model age).
Metasomatism of the mantle lithosphere most likely involved infiltration of asthenospheric
melts/fluids during lithospheric thinning and rifting beneath the Chudleigh
Province at ~1.82 Ga, 0.81 Ga and 0.35 Ga (TRD Rhenium-depletion model ages),
beneath the Atherton Province at ~1.75 Ga and 0.44 Ga (TRD), and during
suturing at ~1.23 Ga (TRD).” 45 The article contains a table 46
with Osmium 187/188 ratios that have no dates beside them as well as two
columns [TMA (Ma), TRD (Ma)] with calculated ages beside them. If we put the
tables into Microsoft Excel and use the standard dating formulas 31-34 we
can calculate dates [Column 2] from the undated isotopic ratios. The assumed
model age [350-2,200 Ma] only allows and 1,850 million year age range.
As far as the
dates that I calculated, only Sapphire Hill falls within the accepted range. With
Sapphire Hill [Table 20] there is a 20,690 million year range between the
youngest and oldest dates. With Mount Quincan [Table 21] there is a 28,130
million year range between the youngest and oldest dates.
|
Lucie’s Crater |
187Os/188Os |
TMA (Ma) |
TRD (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
583 |
1,510 |
870 |
|
Minimum |
-2,281 |
-1,820 |
-1,750 |
|
Difference |
2,864 |
3,330 |
2,620 |
|
Batchelor’s Crater |
187Os/188Os |
TMA (Ma) |
TRD (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
3,398 |
4,840 |
3,360 |
|
Minimum |
-1,512 |
2,200 |
-1,040 |
|
Difference |
4,910 |
2,640 |
4,400 |
|
Sapphire Hill |
187Os/188Os |
TMA (Ma) |
TRD (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
2,024 |
8,620 |
2,160 |
|
Minimum |
469 |
-12,070 |
760 |
|
Difference |
1,555 |
20,690 |
1,400 |
|
Mount Quincan |
187Os/188Os |
TMA (Ma) |
TRD (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
1,614 |
3,420 |
1,800 |
|
Minimum |
-1,413 |
-24,710 |
-950 |
|
Difference |
3,028 |
28,130 |
2,750 |
The Age
of Lithospheric Mantle
These rocks from
the Mongolian
Orogenic Belt in
north China were dated in 2002 by scientist from the Chinese Academy
of Sciences,
using the Rhenium/Osmium age dating methods. 47 According to the
article the true age of the rock formation is between 600 million years and 2,800
million years old: “Two cratonic blocks, the NCC and the XMOB, with crustal
residence ages of about 2500–2800 and 600–1000 Ma, respectively, overlie SCLM
with both Proterozoic and Phanerozoic model ages.” 48 The article
contains a table 49 with Osmium 187/188 ratios that have no dates beside
them as well as two columns [TRD (Ma), TMA (Ma)] with calculated ages beside
them. If we put the table into Microsoft Excel and use the standard dating
formulas 31-34 we can calculate dates [Column 2] from the undated
isotopic ratios. The assumed model age [600-2,800 Ma] only allows and 2,200
million year age range.
As far as the
dates that I calculated, five of the seven rock formations have impossible
negative or future ages. As far as the dates listed in the magazine article,
three of the seven rock formations have impossibly old ages.
|
Aobaoshan |
187Os/188Os |
TRD (Ma) |
TMA (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
-178 |
110 |
12,330 |
|
Minimum |
-268 |
30 |
1,720 |
|
Difference |
90 |
80 |
10,610 |
|
Bolishan |
187Os/188Os |
TRD (Ma) |
TMA (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
1,151 |
1,310 |
4,520 |
|
Minimum |
-610 |
260 |
200 |
|
Difference |
1,761 |
1,050 |
4,320 |
|
Bobotushan |
187Os/188Os |
TRD (Ma) |
TMA (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
1,050 |
1,220 |
2,790 |
|
Minimum |
272 |
520 |
610 |
|
Difference |
777 |
700 |
2,180 |
|
Wangqing |
187Os/188Os |
TRD (Ma) |
TMA (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
1,174 |
1,330 |
15,410 |
|
Minimum |
-317 |
10 |
150 |
|
Difference |
1,491 |
1,320 |
15,260 |
|
Longquan |
187Os/188Os |
TRD (Ma) |
TMA (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
983 |
1,160 |
1,240 |
|
Minimum |
-263 |
30 |
50 |
|
Difference |
1,246 |
1,130 |
1,190 |
|
Dayishan |
187Os/188Os |
TRD (Ma) |
TMA (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
1,048 |
1,220 |
1,420 |
|
Minimum |
-611 |
280 |
430 |
|
Difference |
1,660 |
940 |
990 |
|
Dalongwan |
187Os/188Os |
TRD (Ma) |
TMA (Ma) |
|
Maximum |
1,074 |
1,240 |
3,000 |
|
Minimum |
371 |
610 |
1,360 |
|
Difference |
704 |
630 |
1,640 |
Late
Cenozoic Arctic Ocean
These rocks samples dredged from the Arctic Ocean bottom from
northern Canada or Queen Elizabeth Island region were dated in 1996 by
scientist from the University of Wisconsin, 50 using the stratigraphy
age dating methods. 51 According to the article the true age of
the rock formation is between 0.5 million years and 5.1 million years old. 51
The article contains a table 52 with Lead 207/206 ratios that have
no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use the
computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated isotopic
ratios. There is a 5,234 million year range between the oldest age and stratigraphy age.
|
Table 22 |
Age |
|
Average |
4,986 |
|
Maximum |
5,239 |
|
Minimum |
4,960 |
French
Massif Central
These rocks from
the French Alps were dated in 2005 by scientist from the University of London,
using the Uranium/Thorium/Lead age dating methods. 53 According to
the article the true age of the rock formation is between 300 million years and
380 million years old: “Lu–Hf isotopic data for these
clinopyroxenes plot close to a 360 Ma reference ‘isochron’ and individually the
clinopyroxenes yield depleted mantle Hf model ages between 299 and 376 Ma.” 54
The article contains two tables 55 with Lead 206/207/208 ratios and
one table 55 with 238U/204Pb and 232Th/204Pb ratios that have no dates beside them.
If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use the computer program Isoplot
we can calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. We can combine the
lead ratios of tables one and two with the 238U/204Pb and 232Th/204Pb ratios of table
three to get Uranium/Thorium ages as well. There is a 20,496 million year range
between the youngest and oldest dates.
|
Table 23 |
207Pb/206Pb |
207Pb/206Pb |
206Pb/238U |
208Pb/232Th |
|
Average |
4,974 |
4,952 |
5,258 |
8,746 |
|
Maximum |
5,070 |
5,056 |
15,943 |
21,165 |
|
Minimum |
4,858 |
4,871 |
669 |
3,203 |
Evolution
of Mauna Kea Lavas
These volcanic rocks
from Hawaii
were dated in 2002 by scientist from the Max-Planck-Institute
for Chemistry,
using the Lead/Lead age dating methods. 56 According to the article
the true age of the rock formation is between 125 thousand years and 550 thousand
years old. 57 The article contains a table 57 with Lead 207/206
ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft
Excel and use the computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the
undated isotopic ratios. There is a 5,060 million year range between the ‘true
age’ and oldest dates I calculated from the Lead ratios.
|
Table 24 |
Model Age (Ma) |
Pb 207/206 (Ma) |
% Discordance |
|
Average |
0.47 |
4,982 |
1,143,143 |
|
Maximum |
0.55 |
5,006 |
4,004,709 |
|
Minimum |
0.13 |
4,918 |
903,288 |
U–Th–Pb Geochronology
These rocks from
the Kola Peninsula in Russia were dated in 2011 by scientist from the Russian
Geological Research Institute (St. Petersburg, Russian Federation), using the 206Pb/238U and Lead 207/206 age dating methods. 58
According to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 370
million years and 380 million years old: “The
batch calculations of baddeleyite data show a concordant age of 379.1±3.7 Ma,
and a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 376.5±4.3 Ma.” 58
The article contains a table 59 with model ages between 342 and 396
million years old. The article contains a table 59 with
Uranium/Thorium/Lead ratios that have no dates beside them and ratios that have
calculated dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and use
the computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated isotopic
ratios. The table has dates beside the 208Pb/232Th ratios but no
dates beside the 238U/206Pb and 207Pb/206Pb ratios. There
is a 4,871 million year range between the youngest and oldest dates. The 238U/206Pb and 207Pb/206Pb differ completely with the
208Pb/232Th age so the author deliberately did not put dates
beside them.
|
Table 25 |
208Pb/232Th |
238U/206Pb |
207Pb/206Pb |
|
Average |
396 |
1,054 |
3,381 |
|
Maximum |
521 |
5,140 |
4,741 |
|
Minimum |
306 |
269 |
1,318 |
Diamond
Facies Pyroxenites
These rocks from
the Beni Bousera Peridotite Massif, North Morocco were dated in 1992 by
scientist from the University of Leeds
in England, using the Rubidium/Strontium and Neodymium/Samarium age
dating methods. 60 According to the article the true age of the rock
formation is anywhere between 4 million years and 20,158 million years old.
61 The author admits that no coherent dates could be obtained: “The
absence of coherent isochronous relationships in the Beni Bousera peridotites
combined with their Sr-Nd isotope variability imply a multistage evolution. A
complex, multistage evolution is also indicated by highly variable model ages.”
62 The article contains a table 63 with Lead 207/206 ratios
that have no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft Excel and
use the computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the undated
isotopic ratios. The dates is a 500 million years older than the evolutionist
age of the Earth.
|
Table 26 |
207Pb/206Pb |
Sm/Nd |
Sm/Nd |
Rb/Sr |
|
Average |
4,978 |
1,876 |
3,407 |
1,623 |
|
Maximum |
5,022 |
10,042 |
20,158 |
3,794 |
|
Minimum |
4,905 |
4 |
36 |
221 |
Indian
Ocean Seamount Province
These rocks from
the Christmas Island Seamount Province
in the northeast Indian Ocean were dated in 2011 by scientist from the
University of Sydney, using the 40Ar/39Ar age, Rubidium/Strontium, Neodymium/Samarium, Lutetium/Hafnium and
high-precision Lead isotope analyses age dating methods. 64
According to the article the true age of the rock formation is between 50
million years and 140 million years old: “The ages of the seamounts and the underlying crust decrease from east to
west: from Argo Basin Province (AP, 136 Myr; underlying crust 154-134 Myr) to
Eastern Wharton Basin Province (EWP, 115-94 Myr; crust 120-105 Myr from SE to
NW) to Vening-Meinesz Province (VMP, 95-64 Myr; crust 100-78 Myr from SE to NW)
to Cocos-Keeling Province (CKP, 56-47 Myr; crust 67-61 Myr from S to N.” 64
The article contains tables 65 with Rubidium/Strontium, Neodymium/Samarium, Lutetium/Hafnium and Uranium/Thorium/Lead
ratios that have no dates beside them. If we put the tables into Microsoft
Excel and use the computer program Isoplot we can calculate dates from the 189 undated
isotopic ratios. There is an 11,314 million year range between the youngest and
oldest dates. In table 28 we can see that of the 189 Uranium/Thorium/Lead dates
188 [99.47%] are over 1 billion years old.
|
Table 27 |
207Pb/206Pb |
208Pb/232Th |
206Pb/238U |
176Lu/177Hf |
87Rb/86Sr |
147Sm/144Nd |
|
Average |
5,015 |
7,740 |
5,191 |
76 |
68 |
70 |
|
Maximum |
5,025 |
11,317 |
5,191 |
142 |
136 |
136 |
|
Minimum |
4,921 |
1,943 |
890 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
|
Number
Of |
Age
Range |
Percentage
Of |
|
Dates |
Dates |
All
Dates |
|
188 |
Dates
Over 1 Billion Years Old |
99.47% |
|
184 |
Dates
Over 2 Billion Years Old |
97.35% |
|
170 |
Dates
Over 3 Billion Years Old |
89.95% |
|
157 |
Dates
Over 4 Billion Years Old |
83.07% |
|
111 |
Dates
Over 5 Billion Years Old |
58.73% |
|
59 |
Dates
Over 6 Billion Years Old |
31.22% |
|
43 |
Dates
Over 7 Billion Years Old |
22.75% |
|
36 |
Dates
Over 8 Billion Years Old |
19.05% |
|
31 |
Dates
Over 9 Billion Years Old |
16.40% |
|
25 |
Dates
Over 10 Billion Years Old |
13.23% |
A Pb
Isotope Investigation
These rocks from the Kola Peninsula in Russia were dated in 2013 by scientist from the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, using the Uranium/Thorium/Lead age dating methods.
66 According to the article the true age of the rock formation is
between 370 million years and 380 million years old: “Our most precise ages of
373 ± 32 Ma, based on a 206Pb/204Pb vs. 238U/204Pb isochron for all the samples
and 376 ± 13 Ma, based on a 208Pb/204Pb vs. 232Th/204Pb isochron determination
for an urtite with a particularly high Th/Pb lie within the generally accepted
range of the earlier age measurements.” 66 The article contains a table
67 with Uranium/Thorium/Lead ratios that have no dates beside them.
If we put the table into Microsoft Excel and use the computer program Isoplot
we can calculate dates from the undated isotopic ratios. There is an 11,788 million year
range between the youngest and oldest dates.
|
Table 29 |
Average |
Maximum |
Minimum |
|
207Pb/206Pb |
4,891 |
5,011 |
4,798 |
|
206Pb/238U |
3,534 |
7,462 |
1,959 |
|
208Pb/232Th |
6,203 |
13,590 |
1,802 |
Conclusion
Evolutionists
Schmitz and Bowring claim that Uranium/Lead dating is 99% accurate. 68
Looking at some of the dating it is obvious that precision is much lacking. The
Bible believer who accepts the creation account literally has no problem with
such unreliable dating methods. Much of the data used in this dating method is
selectively taken to suit and ignores data to the contrary.
Yuri Amelin
states in the journal Elements that radiometric dating is extremely accurate:
“However, four 238U/235U-corrected CAI dates reported recently (Amelin et al.
2010; Connelly et al. 2012) show excellent agreement, with a total range for
the ages of only 0.2 million years – from 4567.18 ± 0.50 Ma to 4567.38 ± 0.31
Ma.” 69-71 To come within 0.2 million years out of 4,567.18 million
years means an accuracy of 99.99562%. Looking at some of the dating it is obvious
that precision is much lacking. The Bible believer who accepts the creation
account literally has no problem with such unreliable dating methods. Much of
the data in radiometric dating is selectively taken to suit and ignores data to
the contrary.
Prominent
evolutionist Brent Dalrymple states: “Several events in the formation of the
Solar System can be dated with considerable precision.” 72 Looking
at some of the dating it is obvious that precision is much lacking. He then
goes on: “Biblical chronologies are historically important, but their
credibility began to erode in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries when it
became apparent to some that it would be more profitable to seek a realistic
age for the Earth through observation of nature than through a literal
interpretation of parables.” 73 The Bible believer who accepts the
creation account literally has no problem with such unreliable dating methods.
Much of the data in Dalrymple’s book is selectively taken to suit and ignores
data to the contrary.
The Geological Column
|
Period |
Began |
Finished |
||
|
Million Years Ago |
Million Years Ago |
|||
|
3 |
0 |
|||
|
23 |
3 |
|||
|
65 |
3 |
|||
|
146 |
65 |
|||
|
201 |
145 |
|||
|
252 |
201 |
|||
|
299 |
52 |
|||
|
359 |
299 |
|||
|
419 |
359 |
|||
|
443 |
419 |
|||
|
485 |
443 |
|||
|
541 |
485 |
|||
|
635 |
541 |
|||
|
850 |
635 |
|||
|
1,000 |
850 |
|||
|
1,200 |
1,000 |
|||
|
1,400 |
1,200 |
|||
|
1,600 |
1,400 |
|||
|
1,800 |
1,600 |
|||
|
2,050 |
1,800 |
|||
|
2,300 |
2,050 |
|||
|
2,500 |
2,300 |
|||
|
4,500 |
4,300 |
|||
|
4,600 |
4,500 |
|||
|
11,000 |
10,000 |
|||
|
13,500 |
13,500 |
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